“一带一路”背景下中国区域物流网络模型研究

选取“一带一路”重点涉及的五大区域18个地区为研究对象,利用改进引力模型测量区域物流引力大小及地区引力总量,构建区域物流网络模型。在明确现有模型的特点和“一带一路”对物流网络目标要求的基础上,考虑区域物流发展水平和区域间差异情况,给出优化方案及优化后的物流网络模型,指出中国区域物流网络存在的问题并给出合理化建议,旨为政府决策提供参考。     

Farmers’ Risk‐Based Decision Making Under Pervasive Uncertainty: Cognitive Thresholds and Hazy Hedging

Researchers in judgment and decision making have long debunked the idea that we are economically rational optimizers. However, problematic assumptions of rationality remain common in studies of agricultural economics and climate change adaptation, especially those that involve quantitative models. Recent movement toward more complex agent‐based modeling provides an opportunity to reconsider the empirical basis for farmer decision making. Here, we reconceptualize farmer decision making from the ground up, using an in situ mental models approach to analyze weather and climate risk management. We assess how large‐scale commercial grain farmers in South Africa (n = 90) coordinate decisions about weather, climate variability, and climate change with those around other environmental, agronomic, economic, political, and personal risks that they manage every day. Contrary to common simplifying assumptions, we show that these farmers tend to satisfice rather than optimize as they face intractable and multifaceted uncertainty; they make imperfect use of limited information; they are differently averse to different risks; they make decisions on multiple time horizons; they are cautious in responding to changing conditions; and their diverse risk perceptions contribute to important differences in individual behaviors. We find that they use two important nonoptimizing strategies, which we call cognitive thresholds and hazy hedging, to make practical decisions under pervasive uncertainty. These strategies, evident in farmers' simultaneous use of conservation agriculture and livestock to manage weather risks, are the messy in situ performance of naturalistic decision‐making techniques. These results may inform continued research on such behavioral tendencies in narrower lab‐ and modeling‐based studies.     

高等院校物流管理专业实习实训方案的设计

随着我国社会经济的不断发展,物流领域出现了专业人才匮乏的现象。在社会对物流人才需求旺盛的情况下,很多高等院校相继开设了物流管理专业,以期通过大量培养物流管理专业的人才来满足相关企业的需求。但是在实践中,很多物流管理专业的学生在实习工作中缺少应变能力,实践能力弱,不能达到物流企业的用人标准。对目前高等院校物流管理专业实习实训方案进行了分析探讨,以期设计出一个相对完善、创新的物流管理专业实习实训方案,促进物流管理人才的培养,有效满足当前物流管理人才供不应求的紧张局面,促进我国整个物流领域更好更快地发展。     

远海岛礁冷链物流体系优化模型及其集成算法

为研究远海岛礁渔获冷链物流的运行方案，本文选择了岛礁冷库储存中转和海上直接收购等两种不同的渔获运输方式，同时考虑了中转冷库选址、中转运输和直接收购船舶配备、航线配置、在渔场停留时间和渔获运输损耗等诸多复杂问题，构建了远海冷链物流体系组合优化模型。求解时，提出了一种以遗传算法（GA）为外部框架，以改进的模拟植物生长算法（PGSA）为内部模块，通过信息传递实现内外连接交互的集成算法。最后，以我国南海远海岛礁及渔场为实例进行分析，取得了较好效果。通过与传统遗传算法对比，本文优化结果、稳定性及计算速度等均有明显提高，从而证明了本文所建模型与算法的合理性和有效性。     

政府减贫的农村电商与农村物流协同演化及政策优化

对于推动我国农村电商与农村物流发展,政府政策支持与引导至关重要,政府减贫战略目标的实现依托于农村电商与农村物流协同主体决策。分别构建政府、企业、农村电商与农村物流协同演化博弈模型,探讨协同系统发展参与主体均衡策略选择,分析政府减贫策略下农村电商与农村物流协同演化博弈稳定性,通过收益矩阵分析得出均衡策略和稳定性因素。结果表明:政府对企业的策略选择是影响企业决策的重要因素,政府积极推进策略有利于农村电商与农村物流协同合作演化;农村电商与农村物流协同减贫策略决策、投入成本对系统演化具有重要影响。政府“减贫”、农村电商“线上协同”、农村物流“线下协同”是现阶段政府减贫下农村电商与农村物流协同发展最优模式。     

西北地区农业产业结构演变及其发展研究

区域农业经济的发展与其产业结构有密切关系。目前,针对西北地区农业产业的研究多针对农业产业集群发展的讨论,而将西北地区的农业产业整合起来的研究尚不多见。通过对西北地区各省区农业产业结构演变过程进行分析,对各省区的农业优势部门做出选择,并尝试对西北各省区农、林、牧、渔和服务业之间如何协同发展给出一定参考意见。     

层次分析与改革实践:课程思政切入点设计的三个维度

课程思政作为一种教育理念、工作路径和制度安排,是构建各类专业课程与思想政治理论课程同向机制的必然选择。在课程思政建设实践中,高校应从目标、制度与要素出发,对政治性指标进行层次分析来设计课程思政切入点,从课程、教材、党支部三个关键因子出发不断推进课程思政教育教学改革。河北农业大学按照“学校整体设计—学院主体责任—党支部(教研室)主导—教师具体落实—教学督导和专家协同参与”的工作思路,做到把政策要求与学校实际、模范带动与全员跟进、经验传承与方式创新、精准设计与发散用力相结合,建立贯通于学科体系、教学体系、教材体系以及管理体系的工作体系。同时,注重对课程思政建设进行价值引领力量、思辨能力培养、学生参与热情、示范带动效果的全方位评价,从而使课程思政建设达到“全员全程全方位育人”的良好效果。     

国立西北农学院的合组经过与历史意义——基于历史档案的考察和述评

基于抗战时期的历史档案,梳理了国立西北农学院(西北农林科技大学前身)合组成立的历史经过。地处后稷教民稼穑之地武功的国立西北农林专科学校与抗日战争期间西迁的国立北平大学农学院合组是现代农业文明的一次重要融汇。在强大的师资力量支撑下,国立西北农学院办学水平和科学研究方面表现卓越,成为当时国内惟一的独立农学院,并在合组后逐步形成扎根西北、融汇世界的教育思想和办学抱负,成为当代兴学强国的宝贵精神财富。     

全球农机装备专利技术信息分析及启示

采用Innography专利检索与分析工具,从专利授权年度趋势、专利布局、主要创新机构竞争态势、技术研究热点、核心专利挖掘等维度进行专利信息分析.分析结果表明,美国、德国、法国在农机装备领域的技术实力较强,拥有各自独特的核心专利,并在全球进行广泛的策略性布局.中国虽然是该领域最大的技术来源国,但核心专利拥有量不多,海外专利申请也相对缺乏.目前农机装备领域技术研发集中在A01C7、A01B49、A01B33等IPC类别.法国库恩、美国迪尔、美国凯斯纽荷兰等大型跨国公司掌握了产业发展的制高点,中国农大、东北农大等单位技术实力强,但并不是该领域的领跑者.     

Disaster Management from a POM Perspective: Mapping a New Domain

We have reviewed disaster management research papers published in major operations management, management science, operations research, supply chain management and transportation/logistics journals. In reviewing these studies, our objective is to assess and present the macro level “architectural blue print” of disaster management research with the hope that it will attract new researchers and motivate established researchers to contribute to this important field. The secondary objective is to bring this disaster research to the attention of disaster administrators so that disasters are managed more efficiently and more effectively. We have mapped the disaster management research on the following five attributes of a disaster: (1) Disaster Management Function (decision‐making process, prevention and mitigation, evacuation, humanitarian logistics, casualty management, and recovery and restoration), (2) Time of Disaster (before, during and after), (3) Type of Disaster (accidents, earthquakes, floods, hurricanes, landslides, terrorism and wildfires etc.), (4) Data Type (Field and Archival data, Real data and Hypothetical data), and (5) Data Analysis Technique (bidding models, decision analysis, expert systems, fuzzy system analysis, game theory, heuristics, mathematical programming, network flow models, queueing theory, simulation and statistical analysis). We have done cross tabulations of data among these five parameters to gain greater insights into disaster research. Recommendations for future research are provided.